Pustulosis exantémica generalizada posterior a vancomicina en paciente con pie de Charcot. Descripción de un evento adverso infrecuente y revisión de literatura

Autores/as

  • Luis Dulcey Universidad de los Andes
  • Juan Theran Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga
  • Aldahir Quintero Universidad Metropolitana de Barranquilla
  • Raimondo Caltagirone Universidad de los Andes
  • Melissa x Aguas Universidad de Santander

Resumen

La similitud entre la psoriasis pustulosa (PP) y la pustulosis exantemática aguda generalizada (PEGA) plantea problemas en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de estas dos condiciones. Existe una superposición clínica e histopatológica significativa entre PP y PEGA. La PP es un trastorno inflamatorio que tiene numerosos subtipos clínicos, pero todos con pústulas estériles compuestas por neutrófilos. PEGA es una reacción adversa cutánea grave que también se caracteriza por pústulas estériles no foliculares. Se presenta un caso sobre una paciente de género femenino de la sexta década de la vida quien posterior a uso de vancomicina por cuatro semanas comienza a presentar un exantema hipercrómico difuso con lesiones descamativas y gran extensión. Se considera cuadro de toxicidad farmacológica compatible con pustulosis exantémica generalizada iniciándose manejo con corticoides tópicos y suspendiendo el agente agresor. Las características clínicas que sugieren un diagnóstico de PP sobre PEGA incluyen antecedentes de psoriasis y la presencia de placas descamativas. Histológicamente, la espongiosis eosinofílica, la dermatitis de interfase vacuolar y la eosinofilia dérmica favorecen el diagnóstico de PEGA sobre PP. Es importante destacar que PP y PEGA varían en el curso clínico y el tratamiento. El tratamiento de la PP incluye esteroides tópicos, retinoides orales e inmunosupresores sistémicos. Se han investigado terapias más nuevas dirigidas a las IL-36, IL-23, IL-1 y PDE-4. La eliminación del agente agresor es una parte crucial del tratamiento de PEGA.

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Citas

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Publicado

2023-07-17

Cómo citar

Dulcey, L., Theran , J., Quintero , A., Caltagirone , R., & Aguas, M. x. (2023). Pustulosis exantémica generalizada posterior a vancomicina en paciente con pie de Charcot. Descripción de un evento adverso infrecuente y revisión de literatura . Boletín Médico De Postgrado, 39(2), 86-99. Recuperado a partir de https://revistas.uclave.org/index.php/bmp/article/view/4499

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