Glomalin and carbon levels as a function of soil aggregates in ecosystems and agroecosystems in the Peruvian Amazon
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51372/bioagro363.11Keywords:
Coffee, deforestation, forest, glomalina, silvopastureAbstract
The Amazon rainforest of Peru has experienced major changes in land use, where the forest ecosystem undergo deforestation for the installation of silvopastures and agricultural crops such as coffee and cocoa, which has contributed to the increase of CO2 in the atmosphere. This study evaluated glomalin and carbon levels based on soil aggregates in three types of systems (environments): i) forest ecosystem, ii) silvopasture agroecosystem, and iii) coffee agroecosystem. In each of them, nine plots of 100 m2 were established and soil samples were extracted at a depth of 0-20 cm. Soil organic carbon (SOC), extractable glomalin (EG) and total glomalin (TG) were evaluated in four different ranges of soil aggregate sizes (>2 mm, 2-1 mm, 1-0.25 mm, and 0.25 mm). The effect of the three environments and soil aggregates on SOC and glomalin was analyzed using ANOVA, and a test of regression. The ecosystem type significantly influenced the availability of SOC and glomalin; the highest SOC was obtained in the coffee plantations, followed by the forest with 101.08 and 80.17 t·ha-1. The forest presented a higher concentration of EG and TG compared to the coffee plantation and silvopastures. The aggregate sizes significantly influenced the availability of SOC, EG and TG; as they were smaller the SOC and glomalin content decreased. The ecosystem type and soil aggregates significantly influenced the availability of SOC and glomalin in the three studied environments.
Downloads
References
Aryal, D.R., D.E. Morales, C.N. Tondopó, R. Pinto, F. Guevara, J.A. Venegas et al. 2018. Soil Organic Carbon Depletion from Forests to Grasslands Conversion in Mexico: A Review: Agriculture 8(11): 181.
Blake, G.R. y K. Hartge. 1986, Bulk density. In Klute, A. (ed.) Methods of Soil Analysis: Part 1 Physical and Mineralogical Methods. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. pp. 363-375.
Bradford, M.M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical. Bio-chemistry 72(1-2): 248-254.
Bruun, T.B., A. de Neergaard, D. Lawrence y A.D. Ziegler. 2009. Environmental consequences of the demise in swidden cultivation in Southeast Asia: Carbon storage and soil quality. Human Ecology 37: 375-388.
Cai, C., F. Huang, Y. Yang, S. Yu, S. Wang, Y. Fan et al. 2023. Effects of glomalin-related soil protein driven by root on forest soil aggregate stability and carbon sequestration during urbanization in Nanchang, China. Plants 12: 1847.
Castillo, C.G., F. Borie, F. Oehl y E. Sieverding. 2016. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi biodiversity: prospecting in Southern-Central zone of Chile. A review. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 16(2): 400-422.
Covaleda, S., J.F. Gallardo, F. García-Oliva, H. Kirchmann, C. Prat, M. Bravo et al. 2011. Efectos del uso de la tierra en la distribución del carbono orgánico del suelo dentro de fracciones de tamaño de partículas de suelos volcánicos en la Faja Volcánica Trans-mexicana (México). Gestión de Uso del Suelo 27: 186-194.
Deng, C., Y.N. Zou, A. Hashem et al. 2023. The visualized knowledge map and hot topic analysis of glomalin-related soil proteins in the carbon field based on Citespace. Chem. Biol. Technol. Agric. 10: 48.
Elliot, J.E. 2020. Intensificación productiva del café y conservación de bosques. Tesis de Maestría. Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Lima. 85 p. https://n9.cl/gzxbyd
Guo, Y.F., R.Q. Fan, X.P. Zhang, Y. Zhang y A.Z. Liang. 2020. Tillage-induced effects on SOC through changes in aggregate stability and soil pore structure. Science of the Total Environment 703: 134617.
Gupta, V.V. y J.J. Germida. 2015. Soil aggregation: Influence on microbial biomass and implications for biological processes. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 80: A3-A9.
Hairiah, K., M. van Noordwijk, R.R. Sari, D.D. Saputra, D. Suprayogo, S. Kurniawan et al. 2020. Soil carbon stocks in Indonesian (agro) forest transitions: Compaction conceals lower carbon concentrations in standard accounting. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environm 294: 106879.
Holátko, J., M. Brtnický, J. Kučerík, M. Kotianová, J. Elbl, A. Kintl et al. 2021. Glomalin- Truths, myths, and the future of this elusive soil glycoprotein. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 153.
Hossain, M.B. 2021. Glomalin and Contribution of Glomalin to Carbon Sequestration in Soil: A Review. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 9(1): 191-196.
Jing, H., J.Y. Shi y G.L. Wang. 2017. Distribution of the glomalin-related soil protein and aggregate fractions in different restoration communities after clear-cutting Pinus tabulaeformis plantation. China Environ. Sci 37: 3056-3063.
Koide, R.T. y M.S. Peoples. 2013. Behavior of Bradford-reactive substances is consistent with predictions for glomalin. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. Appl. Soil Ecol. 63: 8-14.
Ma, Y., X.Q. Cheng, F.F. Kang y H.R. Han. 2022. Effects of thinning on soil aggregation, organic carbon and labile carbon component distribution in Larix principis-rupprechtii plantations in North China. Ecological Indicators 139: 108873.
Ma, J.H., X.H. Ye y C.D. Han. 2018. Effects of different irrigation control limits of drip irrigation under mulch on soil aggregate nutrients, enzyme activities and coccomycin content in greenhouse. Chin. J. Appl. Ecol. 29: 2713-2720.
MINAM (Ministerio del Ambiente). 2016. Estrategia nacional sobre bosques y cambio climático. Lima, Perú. Decreto supremo N° 007-2016.
Navarrete, D., S. Sitch, L.E. Aragón, y L. Pedroni. 2016. Conversion from forests to pastures in the Colombian Amazon leads to contrasting soil carbon dynamics depending on land management practices. Glob Chang Biol. Biol. 22: 3503-3517.
Pan, G.X., P. Zhou y L.Q. Li. 2007. Core issues and research progress of soil science of C sequestration. Acta Pedol. Sin. 44: 327-337.
Pang, D., J. Chen, M. Jin, H. Li, Y. Luo, W. Li, et al. 2020. Changes in soil micro- and macro-aggregate associated carbon storage following straw incorporation. Catena 190: 104555.
Rillig, M.C., S.F. Wright y V. Eviner. 2002. The role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and glomalin in soil aggregation: comparing effects of five plant species. Plant and Soil. 238: 325-333.
Reátegui, S y J. Arce. 2016. Cambio de uso actual de la tierra en la Amazonía peruana Avances e implementación en el marco de la Ley Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre 29763. Lima, Perú.
Rojas, N.B., E. Barboza, J.L. Maicelo, S.M. Oliva y R. Salas. 2019. Deforestación en la Amazonía peruana: índices de cambios de cobertura y uso del suelo basado en SIG. Boletín de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles. 81 p.
Sekaran, U., K.L. Sagar y S. Kumar. 2021. Soil aggregates, aggregate-associated carbon and nitrogen, and water retention as influenced by short and long-term no-till systems. Soil and Tillage Research 208: 104885.
Seydewitz, T., P. Pradhan, D.M. Landholm, et al. 2023. Deforestation Drivers Across the Tropics and Their Impacts on Carbon Stocks and Ecosystem Services. Anthropocene. Science 2: 81-92.
Solís, R., G. Vallejos-Torres, L. Arévalo, et al. 2020. Carbon stocks and the use of shade trees in different coffee growing systems in the Peruvian Amazon. The Journal of Agricultural Science. 158(6): 450-460.
Vallejos-Torres, G., N. Gaona-Jimenez, A. Lozano, C.I. Paredes, C.M. Lozano, A. Alva-Arévalo et al. 2023. Soil organic carbon balance across contrasting plant cover ecosystems in the Peruvian Amazon. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research 83(5): 553-564.
van Straaten, O., M.D. Corre, K. Wolf, M. Tchienkoua, E. Cuellar, R.B. Matthews, E. Veldkamp. 2015. Conversion of lowland tropical forests to tree cash crop plantations loses up to one-half of stored soil organic carbon. Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A 11 112(32): 9956-9960.
Walkley, A. y I.A. Black. 1934. An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science 37: 29-38.
Wright, S.F. y A.A. Upadhyaya. 1998. survey of soils for aggregate stability and glomalin, a glycoprotein produced by hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Plant Soil 198: 97-107.
Yadav, R.P., J.K. Bisht y J.C. Bhatt. 2017. Biomass, carbon stock under different production systems in the mid hills of Indian Himalaya. Tropical Ecology 58(1): 15-21.
Yang, Y., W. Luo, J. Xu, P. Guan, L. Chang, X. Wu et al. 2022. Fallow Land Enhances Carbon Sequestration in Glomalin and Soil Aggregates Through Regulating Diversity and Network Complexity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Under Climate Change in Relatively High-Latitude Regions. Front. Microbiol 13: 930622.
Yu, P.J., J.L. Liu, H.Y. Tang, E. Ci, X.G. Tang, S.W. Liu, et al. 2023. The increased soil aggregate stability and aggregate-associated carbon by farmland use change in a karst region of Southwest China. Cadena 231: 107284.
Zhang, R., Y. Mu, X. Li, S. Li, P. Sang, X. Wang, et al. 2020. Response of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi diversity and community in maize and soybean rhizosphere soil and roots to intercropping systems with different nitrogen application rates. Science Total Environ. 740: 139810.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2024 Geomar Vallejos-Torres, Karla Mendoza-López, Luis Ordoñez-Sánchez, Yimi Tom Lozano Sulca, Nery Gaona-Jiménez, Juan R. Baselly-Villanueva
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Rights of the author/s are from the year of publication
This work is under the license:
Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
The opinions expressed by the authors not necesarily reflect the position of the publisher or UCLA. The total or partial reproduction of the texts published in this journal is authorized, as long as the complete source and the electronic address of this journal is cited. Authors have the right to use their articles for any purpose as long as it is done for non-profit purposes. Authors can publish the final version of their work on internet or any other medium, after it has been published in this journal.
Bioagro reserves the right to make textual modifications and technical adjustments to the figures of the manuscripts, in accordance with the style and specifications of the journal.
