Prevalence of intestinal parasitosis and some risk factors in children from 2 to 8 years of age. Mapani, Barquisimeto, Lara Venezuela

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis and some risk factors in children from 2 to 8 years of age who attend Mapani, Barquisimeto, Lara state. This research was of a descriptive cross-sectional prevalence type. The sample consisted of 66 children who were recorded in a collection form and analyzed using the z-score software program WHO Anthro, subsequently the stool samples were processed using direct examination techniques, physiological saline solution, Lugol, and the method Graham in order to detect the presence of helminth or protozoan species. The results showed a prevalence of intestinal parasitosis at 62.1%, with a predominance in the age range of 2-4 and 6-8; With respect to sex, no differences were found between both categories. Likewise, it was evident that in the parasitized children, protozoans predominated in 68.3%, followed by the association of helminth plus protozoan 19.5%. Of the protoozoans, the most frequent etiological agent was Blastocystis sp. 72.2% and Enterobius vermicularis with 92.30% in helminths. On the other hand, of the total number of parasitized children, 56.1% were monoparasitized and 43.9% were polyparasitized. Of the children with intestinal parasitosis, 53.7% have an irregular urban cleaning service. It was concluded that there is a high prevalence of intestinal parasitosis, predominating the genus of protozoans, the main one being Blastocystis sp, so it is necessary to implement appropriate measures to prevent risk factors that predispose the development of intestinal parasitosis.