Functional dentition and the role of diabetes, hypertension, and smoking in its prevalence among adults in Tlaxcoapan, Hidalgo, Mexico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20095306Keywords:
Functional dentition, diabetes, oral health, adultsAbstract
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with functional dentition (FD) in adults from Tlaxcoapan, Hidalgo, Mexico, with a focus on chronic diseases (diabetes and hypertension) and smoking. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 60 adults (18–80 years) selected by non-probability sampling from an urban health center. FD was defined as the presence of ≥21 natural teeth (dependent variable). Independent variables included age, education, sex, smoking, diabetes, and hypertension (self-reported). Univariate and bivariate analyses (Mann-Whitney U, chi-square, and Fisher exact tests) were used with Stata 14.0 (α=0.05). Results: The mean age was 50.7±16.2 years, and 50% were women. 71.7% of participants had functional dentition. Participants without FD were on average older (56.9 ± 13.4 years) than those with FD (48.2 ± 16.7 years), with a marginally significant difference (p = 0.0758). Fifty-five percent of participants with diabetes did not have FD, compared to 15% among those without diabetes (p = 0.001). The distribution of sex, education, smoking, and hypertension was similar between groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Diabetes was shown to be the main factor associated with the loss of functional dentition in this population, supporting its impact on oral health. Although advanced age showed a relevant trend, other factors such as smoking did not reach statistical significance, possibly due to the limited sample size.
Keywords: Functional dentition, diabetes, oral health, adults, Mexico.
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