Incidence of nematodes associated with the main coffee producing areas in the Puno region, Peru
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51372/bioagro341.8Keywords:
Electrophoresis, Meloidogyne, phytoparasitesAbstract
The Amazon area of the Puno region is one of the main coffee producing areas in Peru, highly susceptible to phytoparasitic nematodes that can affect production and promote the entry of other pests and diseases. In this way, the objectives are to identify nematodes associated with coffee cultivation, identify species of the genus Meloidogyne, and evaluate the population incidences of nematodes according to the altitude of the farm in the main producing areas of the Puno-Peru region. A total of 129 samples from 11 crop fields in the districts of San Juan del Oro, San Pedro de Putina Punco and San Gabán were evaluated, at altitudes of 800 to 1416 meters above sea level. The samples were processed by the centrifugal fluctuation method in sucrose solution. The following eight genera of parasitic nematodes were identified: Meloidogyne spp., Helicotylenchus spp., Pratylenchus spp., Xiphinema spp., Mesocriconema spp., Dorylaimus spp., Tylenchus spp., Hemicycliophora spp., as well as free-living nematodes, like the genus Mononchus spp. By isoenzyme analysis (esterase), Meloidogyne exigua was identified. No difference was found between the incidence of the genus Meloidogyne spp. and free-living nematodes. On the other hand, the genera Helicotylenchus and Mesocriconema decreased their population at higher altitudes.
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