Diversidad fenotípica y características bioquímicas de cepas de rhizobium nodulando al frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51372/bioagro341.2Palabras clave:
Biodiversidad, Rhizobium, salinidad, temperaturaResumen
El creciente interés en el uso de rizobios como biofertilizantes en sistemas agrícolas de pequeña escala ha llevado a investigar su diversidad, lo que ha resultado en la identificación de muchas cepas. En este studio se aislaron 55 cepas de Rhizobium que nodulaban en frijol común (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) en muestras de suelo de diferentes áreas de Túnez y se caracterizaron fenotípicamente para determinar su capacidad de fijación simbiótica de nitrógeno. Su tolerancia a la salinidad, pH, temperatura y alcalinidad, asì como las características culturales y bioquímicas indicaron una amplia diversidad fisiológica. Estas características fenotípicas afectaron significativamente el crecimiento de los rizobios, los cuales se identificaron y las cepas de interés se utilizaron en ensayos de inoculación. Estas cepas fueron eficientes y capaces de tolerar un pH de 4 a 9, concentraciones de NaCl de 25 mM a 100 mM, variaciones de temperatura entre 10 y 40 °C, y encalado (CaCO3) de 0,05 a 0,20 mM. Se identificaron cepas de Rhizobium como candidatas para la producción de biofertilizantes para una variedad de tipos de suelos tunecinos.
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