Aspersión foliar con nanopartículas de óxido de zinc y ácido salicílico sobre el crecimiento, la productividad y la calidad del tomate bajo estrés hídrico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51372/bioagro382.7Palabras clave:
Contenido relativo de agua, fenoles, firmeza, sólidos solubles totales, vitamina CResumen
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la efectividad de las nanopartículas de óxido de zinc (ZnO-NPs) y el ácido salicílico (AS), aplicados individualmente o en combinación, para aliviar los efectos adversos de las condiciones de déficit hídrico al 50 y 75 % de capacidad de campo (CC) en el crecimiento y el rendimiento de plantas de tomate (cv. Super Strain) durante los años 2022 y 2023. Los resultados mostraron que el 50 y 75 % % de CC afectó negativamente los parámetros de altura de planta, área foliar, peso seco y componentes del rendimiento. El rendimiento de frutos disminuyó en 24,78 y 54,16 % en 2022, y 27,91 y 60,06 % en 2023, respectivamente. El estrés hídrico provocó una reducción de los niveles de clorofila y un menor contenido relativo de agua en las hojas en ambas estaciones. La aplicación de ZnO-NPs y AS como tratamientos foliares, individualmente o en combinación, redujo con éxito los efectos adversos del estrés en las plantas. Este tratamiento mejoró el crecimiento de las plantas, el contenido de clorofila, el contenido relativo de agua en las hojas y el rendimiento de fruto. El uso conjunto de nanopartículas de ZnO y AS brindó un rendimiento superior y contrarrestó los efectos adversos del estrés hídrico en la mayoría de las características evaluadas, superando los beneficios observados con cualquiera de los tratamientos por separado. Cuando la CC fue del 50 y 75 %, el rendimiento de frutos aumentó 21,25 y 43,57 % en 2022, y 24,67 y 74,44 % en 2023, respectivamente.
Descargas
Citas
Abdo, M.H., H. Ahmed, M. Helal, M. Fekry and A. Abdelhamid. 2022. Water quality index and environmental assessment of rosetta branch aquatic system, Nile River, Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Chemistry 65(4): 321-331.
Ahmed, R., K. Uddin, A. Quddus, M.Y. Abd Samad, M.A. Hossain and A.N.A. Haque. 2023. Impact of foliar application of zinc and zinc oxide nanoparticles on growth, yield, nutrient uptake and quality of tomato. Horticulturae 9(2): 162.
Ahmed, R., M. Yusoff Abd Samad, M.K. Uddin, M.A. Quddus and M.M., Hossain. 2021. Recent trends in the foliar spraying of zinc nutrient and zinc oxide nanoparticles in tomato production. Agronomy 1(10): 2074.
Aires, E.S., A.K.L. Ferraz, B.L. Carvalho, F.P. Teixeira, F.F. Putti, E.P.D. Souza et al. 2022. Foliar application of salicylic acid to mitigate water stress in tomato. Plants 11(13): 1-26.
A.O.A.C. 1990. Official Methods of Analysis. 15th Edition, Association of Official Analytical Chemist, Washington DC.
Balic, I., T. Ejsmentewicz, D. Sanhueza, C. Silva, T. Peredo, P. Olmedo et al. 2014. Biochemical and physiological study of the firmness of table grape berries. Postharvest Biol. Technol. 93: 15-23.
Banjade, D., D. Khana and A. Shrestha. 2024. Effect of zinc and boron foliar application on tomato growth and yield under protected structure. International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences 4(2): 39-45.
Bates, L. S., R.P. Waldren and I.D. Teare. 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant and Soil 39(1): 205-207.
Bessada, S.M., J.C. Barreira, L. Barros, I.C. Ferreira and M.B.P. Oliveira. 2016. Phenolic profile and antioxidant activity of Coleostephus myconis (L.) Rchb.F.: An underexploited and highly disseminated species. Industrial Crops and Products 89: 45-51.
Cakmak, I. 2000. Possible roles of zinc in protecting plant cells from damage by reactive oxygen species. New phytologist 146(2): 185-205.
Chapman, H.D. and R.F. Pratt. 1978. Methods analysis for soil, plant and water, University of California, Division of Agricultural Science, pp. 16-38.
Conti, V., L. Parrotta, M. Romi, S.D. Duca and G. Cai. 2023. Tomato biodiversity and drought tolerance: A multilevel review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 24(12):1-21.
Duncan, D.B. 1955. Multiple range and multiple F test. Biometrics, 11(1): 1-42.
El-Beltagi, H.S., K.A. El-Naqma, M.I. Al-Daej, M.M. El-Afry, W.F. Shehata, M.F. El-Nady et al. 2024. Effects of zinc nanoparticles and proline on growth, physiological and yield characteristics of pea (Pisum sativum L.) irrigated with diluted seawater. Cogent Food & Agriculture 10(1): 1-22.
El-Shafai, N.M., Y.S. Mostafab, M.S. Ramadanc and I.M. El-Mehasseb. 2024. Enhancement efficiency delivery of antiviral Molnupiravir-drug via the loading with self-assembly nanoparticles of pycnogenol and cellulose which are decorated by zinc oxide nanoparticles for COVID-19 therapy. Bioorganic Chemistry 143 107028.
El-Shafai, N., M.M. Abdelfatah, I.M. El-Mehasseb, M.S. Ramadan, M.M. Ibrahim, A. El-Shaer et al. 2021. Enhancement of electrochemical properties and photocurrent of copper oxide by heterojunction process as a novel hybrid nanocomposite for photocatalytic anti-fouling and solar cell applications. Separation and Purification Technology 267: 118631.
El-Shafai, N.M., N.A. Alamrani, A.M. Al-bonayan, S. Abu-Melha, N.M. El-Metwaly and I.M. El-Mehasseb. 2023. Building electrons clouds of redesigned copper oxide nanorods captured on the graphene oxide surface for supercapacitors and energy storage. Surfaces and Interfaces 38: 102757.
Gomes, A.M.F., N. Nhantumbo, M. Ferreira-Pinto, R. Massinga, J.C. Ramalho and A. Ribeiro-Barros. 2019. Breeding Elite Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] Varieties for Improved Food Security and Income in Africa: Opportunities and Challenges. In Legume Crops—Characterization and Breeding for Improved Food Security, IntechOpen, London, UK, pp. 626-640.
Gomez, K.A. and A.A. Gomez 1984. Statistical procedures for agricultural research (2nd ed. pp. 680) John Wiley and Sons.
Hasanuzzaman, M., M. Fugita, H. Oku, and M.T. Islam. 2019. Plant tolerance to environmental stress: role of phytoprotectants, 1st ed., CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, USA, p. 488.
Hasanuzzaman, M., N. Ahmed, T. Saha, M. Rahman, K. Rahman, M.M. Alam et al. 2022. Exogenous salicylic acid and kinetin modulate reactive oxygen species metabolism and glyoxalase system to confer waterlogging stress tolerance in soybean (Glycine max L.). Plant Stress 3: 100057.
Hernández, J.A., P. Diaz-Vivancos, G. Barba-Espín and M.J. Clemente-Moreno. 2017. On the role of salicylic acid in plant responses to environmental stresses. In Salicylic acid: a multifaceted hormone. (pp. 17-34) Springer, Singapore.
Iqbal, S., X. Wang, I. Mubeen, M. Kamran, I. Kanwa, G.A. Díaz, et al. 2022. Phytohormones trigger drought tolerance in crop plants: outlook and future perspectives. Frontiers in Plant Science 12: 1-15.
Jangid, K.K. and P. Dwivedi. 2016. Physiological responses of drought stress in tomato: a review. Int. J. Agric. Environ. Biotechnol. 9(1): 53-61.
Kabir, A.H., M.S. Akther, M. Skalicky, U. Das, G. Gohari, M. Brestic and M.M. Hossain. 2021. Down regulation of Zn-transporters along with Fe and redox imbalance causes growth and photosynthetic disturbance in Zn-deficient tomato. Sci. Rep. 11 (1): 1-2.
Kalapos, T. 1994. Leaf water potential, leaf water deficit relationship for ten species of semiarid grassland community. Plant Soil 160 (1): 105-112.
Khan, M.A., I. Ali, M.T. Akram, U. Habib, I. Ali, T. Hussain and I. Naseem. 2025. Effect of salicylic acid on tomato plant growth and productivity under the changing climatic conditions. Pak. J. Bot. 57(4): 1207-1212.
Kolawole, O.S. and T.L. Musa. 2024. Influence of drought stress on the fruit and yield quality of three different varieties of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum L.). Fudma Journal of Sciences 8(3): 332-337.
Mohamed, S.A. and M.M. El-Tanany. 2016. Efficacy of foliar applications of salicylic acid, zinc and potassium on reducing fruit drop, yield improvement and quality of balady mandarins. Egypt. J. Hort. 43(20): 371-388
Moran, R. 1982. Formulae for determination of chlorophllous pigments extracted with N,N-Dimetheylformamide. Plant Physiology 69: 1376-1381.
Prasad, T., P. Sudhakar, Y. Sreenivasulu, P. Latha, V. Munaswamy, K.R. Reddy et al. 2012. Effect of nanoscale zinc oxide particles on the germination, growth and yield of peanut. J. Plant Nutr. 35(6): 905-927.
Sariñana-Aldaco, O., E. Sánchez-Chávez, E. Troyo-Diéguez, L.M. Tapia-Vargas, J.C. Díaz-Pérez and P. Preciado-Rangel. 2020. Foliar aspersion of salicylic acid improves nutraceutical quality and fruit yield in tomato. Agriculture 10(10): 482.
Sirisuntornlak, N., S. Ghafoori, A. Datta and W. Arirob. 2019. Seed Priming and Soil Incorporation with silicon influence growth and yield of maize under mater-deficit stress. Arch. Agron. Soil Sci. 65(2): 197-207.
Souza, L.M., P.C.T. Melo, R.R. Luders and A.M.T. Melo. 2012. Correlations between yield and fruit quality characteristics of fresh market tomatoes. Horticultura Brasileira 30: 627-31.
Sun, L., F. Song, J. Guo, X. Zhu, S. Liu, F. Liu and X. Li. 2020. Nano-ZnO-Induced drought tolerance is associated with melatonin synthesis and metabolism in maize. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 21(3): 782.
Toor, R.K., G.P. Savage and A. Heeb. 2006. Influence of different types of fertilizers on the major antioxidant components of tomatoes. J. of Food Composition and Analysis 19(1): 20-27.
Torres-Ruiz, J.M., A. Diaz-Espejo, A. Perez-Martin and V. Hernandez Santana. 2015. Role of hydraulic and chemical signals in leaves, stems, and roots in the stomatal behavior of olive trees under water stress and recovery conditions. Tree Physiol 35(4): 415-424.
Ugwu, E.I. and J.C., Agunwamba 2020. A review on the applicability of activated carbon derived from plant biomass in adsorption of chromium, copper, and zinc from industrial wastewater. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 192(4): 1-12.
Urmi, T.A., M.Md. Islam, K.N. Zumur, M.A.M. Abedin, M. Haque, M. Siddiqui et al. Combined effect of salicylic acid and proline mitigates drought stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.) through the Modulation of Physiological Attributes and Antioxidant Enzymes. Antioxidants 12(7): 1-25.
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Derechos de autor 2026 Hossam S. El-Beltagi, Mohamed F. El-Nady, Ahmed Mahmoud Ismail, Metwaly M.S. Metwaly
Está obra está bajo licencia Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Las opiniones expresadas por los autores no necesariamente reflejan la postura del editor de la publicación ni de la UCLA. Se autoriza la reproducción total o parcial de los textos aquí publicados, siempre y cuando se cite la fuente completa y la dirección electrónica de esta revista. Los autores(as) pueden publicar en internet o cualquier otro medio la versión final aprobada de su trabajo, luego que esta ha sido publicada en esta revista.
Bioagro se reserva el derecho de realizar modificaciones textuales y ajustes técnicos a las figuras de los manuscritos, de acuerdo con el estilo y especificaciones de la revista.
