Efectos del cadmio en plantas de Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski

Autores/as

  • Posgrado en Cs. Biológicas, Universidad Simón Bolívar. Venezuela
  • Dpto. de Biología Celular, Universidad Simón Bolívar. Venezuela
  • Dpto. de Biología Celular, Universidad Simón Bolívar. Venezuela
  • Dpto. de Biología Celular, Universidad Simón Bolívar. Venezuela
  • Unidad de Tecnología Óptica Electrónica y Láser, Instituto Zuliano de Investigaciones Tecnológicas (INZIT), Maracaibo, Venezuela
  • Dpto. de Biología de Organismos, Universidad Simón Bolívar. 89000 Caracas, Venezuela.

Palabras clave:

Estrés oxidativo, fitoquelatinas, fitorremediación, glutation, margarita rastrera, plantas tolerantes

Resumen

El cadmio (Cd2+) es un contaminante que genera mucha preocupación a nivel ambiental debido a sus múltiples orígenes (naturales y antropogénicos), la capacidad de acumularse en órganos y tejidos y los efectos nocivos que puede causar en los organismos. En el presente estudio se investigó el efecto de la exposición a Cd en plantas de Sphagneticola trilobata. Se evaluó la capacidad de acumular Cd, la biomasa de las plantas, el contenido de clorofila, azúcares solubles, proteínas, patrón polipeptídico y la producción de malondialdehido y tioles como marcadores de estrés oxidativo y tolerancia, respectivamente. El contenido de Cd en los tejidos de las plantas se incrementó proporcionalmente a la concentración de CdCl2 en el medio de cultivo, acumulando1306, 193 y 52 mg·kg-1 en raíces, tallos y hojas, respectivamente.  A altas concentraciones de Cd se observaron efectos tóxicos tales como reducción en la biomasa de las raíces, cambios en el patrón polipeptídico de las hojas, reducción en el contenido de clorofila y un incremento en el contenido de malodialdehído. Dentro de los marcadores de tolerancia se observó un incremento en el contenido de azúcares solubles asociados a protección contra el estrés oxidativo. También se observó un incremento de tioles quelantes de metales pesados en las raíces tales como: L-cisteína, glutatión, y varias fitoquelatinas. Se demostró que S. trilobata es capaz de acumular cadmio y presenta mecanismos de tolerancia que la convierten en una excelente opción para la fitorremediación de Cd.

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Citas

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Publicado

2020-04-02

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Beatriz, Maritza, Karen, José, Mayamaru, & Marisol. (2020). Efectos del cadmio en plantas de Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski. Bioagro, 31(2), 133-142. Recuperado a partir de https://revistas.uclave.org/index.php/bioagro/article/view/2641

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